Monday, August 31, 2009

a dialog on 'aryan' invasion. al-biruni etc with a malayalam journalist

aug 30th, 2009

i thought i'd post this here as an example of the kind of discourse a hindu can expect from a committed 'secular' intellectual. the issue of labels is very interesting. through labeling, hindus have been turned into non-persons, and hinduism into a non-existent artificial construct. therefore, obviously, hindus and hinduism do not have any rights! QED!

at the end of the day, we sort of agree that we cannot let facts pollute our opinions!

not to make it personal with brp, whom i have known for a long time and get along well with (so long as we don't discuss certain topics. oddly enough, just like with mohammedans!)

Rajeev Srinivasan great site on indological research -- kazanas, danino, kak, agarwal et al. shows 'aryan' invasion fantasy is bunkum. http://bit.ly/dxLPi

August 5 at 10:28pm via Twitter · ·
Brp Bhaskar
Brp Bhaskar
If the Aryan invasion theory is false, the non-Aryans of India must be the first people on earth to meekly submit to servitude.
August 6 at 2:25pm · Delete
Brp Bhaskar
Brp Bhaskar
If the Aryan invasion theory is false, the non-Aryans of India must be the first people on earth to meekly submit to servitude.
August 6 at 2:25pm · Delete
Rajeev Srinivasan
Rajeev Srinivasan
dear brp, let me accept your hypothesis about 'aryans' etc. for a moment. in that case there are several other dubious 'firsts': india was the first (and only) civilization that voluntarily allowed a bunch of barbarian whites to take over, when we could have held them off, guns notwithstanding, if we had a clue. it is also currently the first (and ... Read Moreonly) large state that voluntarily disaggregated itself without a fight: j&k, northeast, red corridor etc. so there has been a whole series of 'firsts'. precisely the point the limeys wanted to make, right: you indians have always been beaten up, by 'aryans', greeks, turks, now us brits. you deserve it. what lovely symmetry!
August 6 at 8:20pm · Delete
Rajeev Srinivasan
Rajeev Srinivasan
however, the reality is different. there are no non-'aryan' indians, as the 'aryans' were the people who migrated out of india. the 'aryan invasion fairytale' was manufactured with the intent of divide-and-rule. there is no such thing as a 'dravidian'; 'aryan' and 'dravidian' were all indigenous indians, but it was good for the brits/church to ... Read Morecreate problems.

the entire edifice of 'aryan invasion' has been shown to be resting on very thin ice: the pseudo-science of philology. do read the papers on this website to see how the increasing body of evidence negates this motivated fairy-tale. oppenheimer's work on genetics actually even suggests an out-of-india origin for europeans.
August 6 at 8:41pm · Delete
Brp Bhaskar
Brp Bhaskar
My dear Rajeev, there are problems with terms like Aryans, Dravidians etc. But there are even more problems with your thesis. It is too late in the day to talk of indigenous Indians. A large body of information is already available about early human migration. Studies now in progress will hopefully make it possible to trace the dates and routes of ... Read Moremigration with greater degree of accuracy. There is enough material already to conclude that the various peoples of India –the negritos, australoids. mongoloids, mediterraneans and the caucasians -- reached the subcontinent at different times. The last two arrived last – and in that order.
August 7 at 12:31am · Delete
Brp Bhaskar
Brp Bhaskar
While Aryan/Dravidian maybe questionable terms, there is enough internal evidence in the Vedic literature to establish that the pastoral Vedic community was in conflict with an urban community. The term Hindu, which you have been throwing about, does not appear in any of the so-called texts of the Hindu religion. Al Baruni, a Muslim scholar sent by... Read More Mahmud Ghaznavi, used it refer to both the people and their faith. The Europeans, who like the Muslims, were unfamiliar with plural societies, picked it up and popularized it. As for the 'divide and rule' concept you refer to, the Vedic community had developed it before the Europeans got past the barabarian stage. And please don't scoff at the idea of barbarians overrunning civilizations. The Greek civilization was overrun by barbarians who then picked up some of its finer points, reputedly, from the Greek slaves.
August 7 at 12:32am · Delete
Rajeev Srinivasan
Rajeev Srinivasan
dear brp, even the most rabid 'aryan' invasion theory types such as witzel and thapar are backpedaling furiously, and have now latched on to the 'aryan' migration theory! the reason is the mounting evidence that there was, in fact, no invasion. i have also come up with the 'aryan' tourist theory, which, even if i say so immodestly, does explain all... Read More the relevant facts rather well, and does relate ancient history to recent practices. very satisfying, actually.

your information is a little outdated. the genetic studies now most widely accepted suggest that early humans came to india from africa around 100,000 years ago and then, through a complex series of events -- including a giant volcano that completely depopulated india -- ended up creating the entire non-african part of the world. kindly see the bradshaw foundation's website (re oppenheimer's work).

there is emphatically no large-scale migration of new genetic material into india after 35,000 years ago. yes, no 'aryan' invasion.
August 8 at 7:10am · Delete
Rajeev Srinivasan
Rajeev Srinivasan
and what is the term you would use in preference to the 'so-called' hindu term?

the term hindu was used much earlier than al biruni. it was used by persians whose s-cognate was h, thus 'sindhu' became 'hindu', like malayalam 'patti' becomes 'haddi' in kannada.

oh, i do not by any means claim that barbarians cannot overthrow civilizations. i ... Read Moreagree with you, they usually do. i am with will durant who said, "The Islamic conquest of India is probably the bloodiest story in history. It is a discouraging tale, for its evident moral is that civilization is a precious good, whose delicate complex of order and freedom, culture and peace, can at any moment be overthrown by barbarians invading from without or multiplying within."
August 8 at 7:16am · Delete
Brp Bhaskar
Brp Bhaskar
Rajeev, please do not insist that I share your belief that the last word on human migration has been said and all answers are available at a website. Of course, the Persian used the term Hindu, but that was to refer to the land and people not to religious belief. I see no point in spending time and energy to find an alternative for Hindu because I ... Read Morehave no particular problem with that term. After all it is a successful brand name. It serves a psychological purpose, too, as can be made out from the slogan "garve se kaho…" But I would like to make two points. One, others are entitled to have as much 'garv' in their brand names. Two, it is not fair to dub someone anti-something without defining what that something is.
August 8 at 11:10pm · Delete
Rajeev Srinivasan
Rajeev Srinivasan
dear brp, far be it for me to suggest that you blindly follow any dogma. i suggest you read and choose after due consideration.

i choose the work of one of the greatest geneticists of the recent past, and the competing hot theory (from oxford) says more or less the same thing. no large-scale genetic influx into india.

i choose not to believe the work of a 19th cent church guy who dated the vedas based on his belief that the world was created on oct 12th, 4004 BCE at 10am. and he recanted later, anyway. like phrenology, 'aryan' invasion is idiocy, and even witzel/thapar types no longer peddle that particular snake oil. they dissimulate -- 'migration' it is, now. ... Read More

but i am disappointed that you have apparently dismissed my cogent 'aryan' tourist theory. why, i am even in agreement with steve farmer (witzel's foul-mouthed sancho panza) in his assumption that the indus script is not a language!
August 9 at 5:23pm · Delete
Rajeev Srinivasan
Rajeev Srinivasan
i don't have to define what 'hindu' is, as india's supreme court has taken the trouble to do so. you were the one who said "so-called hindu" implying that some texts which are fundamental to the definition of hindu are not hindu.

how does it matter that hindu texts do not say anything about "hindu"? for that matter, hindu texts do not say ... Read Moreanything about "kafir" or "pagan", but that's what some others with "garv" call hindus, right? so why all this fuss about nomenclature?

fairness? well, as a small minority hindus are entitled to some extra consideration (remember all the talk about minority entitlements all the time). around the world, 50% are followers of jesus, 33% are followers of mohammed, and hindus are only a part of the remaining 17%. in kerala, 30% follow jesus, 30% follow mohd, 30% follow marx, only 10% are hindus.
August 9 at 6:29pm · Delete
Brp Bhaskar
Brp Bhaskar
Dear Rajeev,
The Supreme Court has provided guidelines to decide who is a Hindu, what is Hinduism etc because sometimes it becomes necessary for courts to decide whether or not a person was a Hindu. That does not make the Supreme Court a competent authority to decide these questions because essentially these are not legal issues. And do you know ... Read Morewho gave the court the authority to decide who is a Hindu? The British! After the British acquired control of Bengal in 18th century, they were called upon to decide various legal issues. Warren Hastings got Hindu scholars to tell him what Hindu law and Muslim scholars to tell him what Muslim law was. The Hindu scholars he picked were all followers of the Vedic tradition and on their advice the colonial courts accepted the Vedas and Manu Smriti as basic texts of Hindu law.
August 10 at 2:26pm · Delete
Brp Bhaskar
Brp Bhaskar
The British took the line that if one was not a Muslim or a Christian, he was a Hindu. Even those belonging to the Buddhist and Jain traditions, which rejected the Vedas, thus became part of the Hindu stream. Manu Smriti was written and enforced under highly repressive Sunga (Brahmin) rule after the fall of the Maurya empire. It was designed as an ... Read Moreinstrument of oppression. Yagnavalkya later wrote a new code which lessened the rigours of Manu's code. But the inheritors of the Vedic tradition still follow Manu because it is a better instrument to serve the purpose of subjugating the majority. A computer search of website listing judgments will show that Manu continues to be the favourite of SC judges. They quote him far more often than Yagnavalkya, whose ideas are closer to the Constitutional ideal than Manu's.
August 10 at 2:27pm · Delete
Brp Bhaskar
Brp Bhaskar
The first Indian census listed a large section of the population under various other heads (like animists), but in two or three decades the British bureaucracy, dominated by inheritors of the Vedic tradition, gradually enlarged the definition of Hindu to include them all. The Hindu concept of today is an artificial construct, resulting from a ... Read Moreprocess which probably began with Al Beruni 1000 years ago and is still not over.

Sree Narayana Guru, now depicted in yellow robes by his followers, actually wore white all his life. He switched to saffron at the fag end. This was to prevent alienation of the property he had acquired. To keep the property with the Sangham he had set up it was necessary to establish that he was a sanyasi. According to the guidelines the court had laid down earlier, a sanyasi had to be habitual wearer of saffron. Would Sree Narayana not have been a sanyasi if he had not switched to saffron?
August 10 at 2:27pm · Delete
Brp Bhaskar
Brp Bhaskar
Your reference to the minority status of Hindus suggests that the Sinhala syndrome is at work. The Sinhalas, the majority community in Sri Lanka, have suffered from a minority complex because they can... Read More't get over the fact that there is a large Tamil population beyond the borders. It is possible that the Sri Lankan army's victory over LTTE has helped them to get over the complex. It is interesting to speculate on the possibility of an Indian military victory over Pakistan and some Christian country as a way to cure the Sinhala syndrome of Hindus. It may turn out to be a case of the remedy being worse than the malady, though.
August 10 at 2:28pm · Delete
Rajeev Srinivasan
Rajeev Srinivasan
dear brp, it is your privilege to not accept the definition of 'hindu' as per the supreme court. i presume you will now enlighten me as to the definition of the term that you yourself prefer? obviously you have some views on the matter, as you have said above 'so-called hindu'. so what exactly is 'hindu' according to you?

i note in passing that ... Read Moreyou do not consider the supreme court a competent authority, but you do consider the constitution a competent authority in its definition of "minority" as well of "minority rights", i take it?

once again, we are in violent agreement on not liking the british. i too, find that they caused serious problems with their census, which had the effect of ossifying the caste system, which hitherto had been quite fluid. by arbitrarily deeming certain groups to be xyz, the british perverted the caste system, which had been a sensible system of division of labor hitherto.
August 13 at 8:08am · Delete
Rajeev Srinivasan
Rajeev Srinivasan
the manusmriti is another perversion that the british brought in. nobody in india had ever treated the manusmrti as anything more than the rantings of a particularly dyspeptic medieval guy who didn't much like anything. it was never, *never* the basis of statecraft before the british. i'd seriously reconsider your claim about the sungas, because ... Read Moreyou are relying on motivated communist historians. they were the same people who kept claiming that hindu kings always attacked buddhists, but when forced to back it up, came up with two, just *two*: one, it turned out, was a kashmiri king influenced by mohammedan advisers, and the other was one sunga, if i remember right. yes, exactly *one* king out of hundreds, or thousands! the self-proclaimed "eminent historians" have perverted the study of history in india and largely fed us all nonsense, much like the 'aryan' invasion, er... migration, er... tourist theory.
August 13 at 8:14am · Delete
Rajeev Srinivasan
Rajeev Srinivasan
when the british arrived, they decided arbitrarily that since the bible was their manual of statecraft -- read the authoritative "raj syndrome" by suhash chakravarthy'for more -- the hindus must have had a manual. lo! they decided that the manusmrti was it. in reality, the manusmrti had no more authority than any other smriti, say the brpsmrti or ... Read Morethe rajeevsmrti, some commentary written by some guy.

the british not only paupered a lot of the caste guilds by de-industrializing india, they also cemented their position -- previously marvelously fluid -- in the caste system with their absurd censuses. in addition, they 'demoted' a lot of the martial castes after removing their weapons to ensure they would not be a challenge to the british. so the british perversions of the caste system were a huge factor in the later problems of the country. they successfully drove giant wedges between the various castes, which we are still experiencing the evil results of.
August 13 at 8:23am · Delete
Rajeev Srinivasan
Rajeev Srinivasan
i wouldn't take al-biruni without a huge pinch of salt. if your arguments depend on his observations, i fear they are not very sound. al-biruni was a sycophantic hagiographer of a barbarian overthrowing a civilization. his words have no more validity per se than those of, say a visigoth historian describing the fall of rome, or of an imperial han chinese historian commenting on the tibetan civilization which he was not equipped or incentivized to understand.
August 13 at 8:25am · Delete
Rajeev Srinivasan
Rajeev Srinivasan
regarding the oppression of hindus, your sinhalese analogy is not very accurate. a much better analogy would be the severe oppression of blacks in the us until the civil rights acts of the 1960s. blacks were simply treated as unequal, lynched frequently, had the entire weight of the official apparatus arrayed against them -- media, judiciary, government. it is the same for hindus in india. basically, hindus are second-class citizens and there is an apartheid enforced against them.
August 13 at 8:28am · Delete
Brp Bhaskar
Brp Bhaskar
Rajeev, let yours be the last words in this thread, for when we get to the stage where the only purpose facts can serve is to reinforce prejudices, iit means the time has come to take a break.
August 13 at 7:51pm · Delete
Rajeev Srinivasan
Rajeev Srinivasan
dear brp, entrenched positions are all very well, but an occasional rethink based on fresh evidence is a good thing. question authority, as kumaran asan said. otherwise we will all be like the vatican -- it is good to remember in this 400th anniversary year of galileo's telescope -- which finally accepted that the earth goes around the sun just about 25 years ago!
August 14 at 9:34am · Delete

5 comments:

Inquiring Mind said...

For long time, i have one big question..

Who are the aryans in india today?
Who are the dravidians today?

If the aryans are supposed to come from outside, is there any cultural, linguistic or any other similarities that are present in their home regions today.. (i think central asia)

Also, what are the regions we used to denote india? Is it the partitioned india, or the entire bharatha varsham, which includes, burma, srilanka, thailand, cambodia and indonesia..

In tamilnadu, the top 3 communities, devar, vanniar and gounders are supposed to have come from north india.
Then who actually are the dravidians?

From mckinsey document, it is found that the entire southindia was not populated, during the times of ramayana.. (Except for vanarars, i think, Rama had not met any other people or kingdoms in southindia.. whereas in mahabaratha, there was rerefences to pandya kingdom.. so why should pandya king participate in kurukshetra war?)

Inquiring Mind said...

Also, its time to give back the same intellectual blow to those people..

suppose, if we consider india to be populated from people outside, what about Britain?

The english people themselves do not belong to britain, and are supposedly come from Germany.. the anglicans are said to be a germanic tribe..

So, if some one tells us about aryan invasion, we have to apply the same to them.. they themself dont belong to their region..

Incognito said...

Regarding Aryan invasion, the following link will help clear matters.
http://www.voiceofdharma.org/books/rig/

RJ said...

http://r2dnainfo.blogspot.com/

http://www.nature.com/jhg/journal/v54/n1/full/jhg20082a.html

• Haplogroup R2 is present both in Dravidian and Indo-European populations, implying that R2 has a pan-Indian presence, and is not restricted to any linguistic group.
• The frequencies of R2 seem to mirror the frequencies of R1a (i.e. both lineages are strong and weak in the same social and linguistic subgroups). This may indicate that both R1a and R2 moved into India at roughly the same time or co-habited, although more research is needed.
• R1a1 and R2 haplogroups indicate demographic complexity that is inconsistent with a recent single history.
• R2 has a particularly strong presence in the Indian states of West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh and Gujarat, and in the area of Mumbai (Bombay).
• Contrary to the findings of Spencer Wells, the paper claims that there is no evidence that Central Asia was the source of the R1a and R2 lineages in India. The theory that Central Asia could have been the recipient of the two lineages from India should not be ruled out.
• Some of the other studies like Bamshad et al., 2001, Kivisild et al., 2003 found Haplogroup 1(the old representation for non-R1a1 Haplogroup R subclades) at around 40% among Telugus of coastal Andhra Pradesh. The identification of this Haplogroup with R2 is confirmed from Sanghamitra Sahoo et al., 2006 study which observed R2 ranging from 35% to 55% among non-Brahmin castes of this region.

RJ said...

http://www.pnas.org/content/103/4/843.full.pdf+html

Abstract:
Understanding the genetic origins and demographic history of Indian populations is important both for questions concerning the early settlement of Eurasia and more recent events, including the appearance of Indo-Aryan languages and settled agriculture in the subcontinent. Although there is general agreement that Indian caste and tribal populations share a common late Pleistocene maternal ancestry in India, some studies of the Y-chromosome markers have suggested a recent, substantial incursion from Central or West Eurasia. To investigate the origin of paternal lineages of Indian populations, 936 Y chromosomes, representing 32 tribal and 45 caste groups from all four major linguistic groups of India, were analyzed for 38 single-nucleotide polymorphic markers. Phylogeography of the major Y-chromosomal haplogroups in India, genetic distance, and admixture analyses all indicate that the recent external contribution to Dravidian- and Hindi-speaking caste groups has been low. The sharing of some Y-chromosomal haplogroups between Indian and Central Asian populations is most parsimoniously explained by a deep, common ancestry between the two regions, with diffusion of some Indian-specific lineages northward. The Y-chromosomal data consistently suggest a largely South Asian origin for Indian caste communities and therefore argue against any major influx, from regions north and west of India, of people associated either with the development of agriculture or the spread of the Indo-Aryan language family. The dyadic Y-chromosome composition of Tibeto-Burman speakers of India, however, can be attributed to a recent demographic process, which appears to have absorbed and overlain populations who previously spoke Austro-Asiatic languages.


Conclusion:

It is not necessary, based on the current evidence, to look beyond South Asia for the origins of the paternal heritage of the majority of Indians at the time of the onset of settled agriculture. The perennial concept of people, language, and agriculture arriving to India together through the northwest corridor does not hold up to close scrutiny. Recent claims for a linkage of haplogroups J2, L, R1a, and R2 with a contemporaneous origin for the majority of the Indian castes' paternal lineages from outside the subcontinent are rejected, although our findings do support a local origin of haplogroups F* and H. Of the others, only J2 indicates an unambiguous recent external contribution, from West Asia rather than Central Asia. The current distributions of haplogroup frequencies are, with the exception of the O lineages, predominantly driven by geographical, rather than cultural determinants. Ironically, it is in the northeast of India, among the TB groups that there is clear-cut evidence for large-scale demic diffusion traceable by genes, culture, and language, but apparently not by agriculture.