DRDO's GaN technology breakthrough: Denied access to compound chip technology by foreign powers, Indian scientists, operating in tandem from Delhi and Hyderabad, crack the code to make Gallium Nitride (GaN) monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs).
+ How GaN is revolutionising key industries.
India is no longer dependent on foreign powers for these high-value, cutting-edge chips. Instead, it broke into a select group of six nations—the US, France, Russia, Germany, South Korea and China. . . . . Defense as well as commercial applications!
Major concession on Machinery/Electrical equipment. India already runs a $16 billion deficit with EU in it. 0% tariff means domestic mfg in this sector will likely never take off. One hopes that exports from labour intensive sectors go up enough to make up for it. https://t.co/Xl1ZozajOH
Foolish NRIs: The overconfidence of the Indian settler in the pre-MAGA days led to excesses. Such as the 90-foot-tall statue of Lord Hanuman, dubbed by some over-clever NRIs who installed it, as the “Statue of Union” in Sugar Land, Texas.
Besides being considered an eyesore by the enraged local Texans, it is a goad for the Christian Nationalists of the American south and southwest that make up the MAGA flock. So far they have restricted themselves to mocking the Monkey God, reviling Hindus as savages, Hinduism as satanic, and Hindu religious symbols as an affront to Christianity. Soon they may take a hammer to the statue, and run the Indians out of town.
Ideal for mountain warfare: For mountain war against China, is India’s LCH helicopter superior to AH-64E Apache? .. Against armor on open ground, Apaches would devastate Chinese and Pakistani tanks. But in the Himalayas, where terrain and climate conspire to limit troop deployments, a flying arsenal probably isn’t needed. Just an armed helicopter that can fly above the mountains.
India-Pak rivalry plays out in South Caucasus: Azerbaijan, Turkey and Pakistan conducted a joint exercise named 'Three Brothers' last year in the name of Islam. India's military assistance to Armenia comes against the backdrop of Pakistan's bonhomie with Azerbaijan
However, in spite of these developments, an interesting fact is that India has stronger economic ties with Azerbaijan than with Armenia. ONGC has also invested heavily in Azerbaijan's gas sector.
Fewer awards will rust scientific temper: In one silent stroke, the Union govt has decided to do away with over 200 awards, including scholarships, fellowships and internal awards for scientific excellence.
What will India gain from this FTA? The proposed India-UK free trade agreement is likely to be watered down amid controversial remarks by UK Home Secretary Suella Braverman on visas.
NOT white man's burden: UK defies climate warnings with new oil and gas licences. The decision is at odds with international climate scientists who say fossil fuel projects should be closed down, not expanded.
Stay away from WhatsApp: Telegram founder warns users to stay away from WhatsApp yet again. "It doesn't matter if you are the richest person on Earth - if you have WhatsApp installed on your phone, all your data from every app on your device is accessible".
The first laptop with a RISC-V processor goes on sale: The laptop is the result of a partnership between China’s DeepComputing and Xcalibyte, and it’s powered by a new Alibaba T-Head TH1520 processor. It features four 2.5 GHz Xuantie C910 64-bit RISC-V processor cores, a neural processing unit with up to 4 TOPS performance, and an Imagination GPU.
Warning from Indian scientists: India will lose edge over rivals if neutrino project delayed by another year.. An underground laboratory proposed in Tamil Nadu has been a non-starter for years.. "After a year, other competitors will be ahead of us and there is no second prize for discovery in science. The detector technology which TIFR and related institutes built is unique in the world. We have a unique way to do the experiment with proven ideas that no one in the world can match."
China will complete the construction of Underground Neutrino Observatory by 2022. Other neutrino experiments, such as Hyper-Kamiokande (Hyper-K) in Japan and the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) in the USA, are also under construction.
Karnataka can't keep China out of electric buses: India may have made rules to curb Chinese imports, but a look at transport corporations' efforts to procure 490 electric buses shows that there is no alternative to Chinese products for now, at least in the electric vehicle sector. . . . . world champs in history debates.
Project Hanson: How Chinese military contractor acquired Michigan dual-use manufacturer
First of five: China's first domestically built aircraft carrier to be combat-ready by year-end. Four more are in the works.
San Diego fraudster: Nimesh Shah, 37, was sentenced to almost four years in jail for
defrauding the Department of Veterans Affairs out of nearly $30 million
Interest from India and abroad: Tirupati's National Sanskrit University online courses evoke positive response from students
The world's first govt backed crypto currency: China aims to make the remninbi a global reserve currency to rival the US Dollar... “e-yuan” will be distributed via commercial banks, Tencent, and Alibaba-backed Ant Financial, national giants of online payments.. Digital currency will give Chinese authorities unprecedented ability to track
and monitor online spending flows to check fraud, tax evasion and money
laundering.
DRDO Young Scientists Laboratories: DRDO moves into emerging tech: AI, Quantum computing, Cognitive technologies, Asymmetric technologies and Smart materials.
We lack hardworking, devoted scientists: “The youngsters want
money and all sorts of things but would do only a little bit of
science”: C N R Rao, eminent scientist and Bharat Ratna . . . . . . Average Indian spends over 1800 hours a year on their smartphone . . . . get a life, young Indians!
Vikass: Forest land divesion by Modi sarkar in the last three years amounts to 588.20 sq km--larger than the union territory of Puducherry
Rocket woman: How to cook curry and get a spacecraft into Mars orbit.. Can you guide a spacecraft into orbit around Mars and cook for eight people morning and night? Yes, if you get up at 5am, and your name is BP Dakshayani. Here the former head of flight dynamics and space navigation for the Indian space agency explains how she did it - and the housework too. They became known as the Rocket Women or the Women from Mars.
Four years ago, the picture of a group of women in saris celebrating as an Indian spacecraft successfully entered Mars orbit shone a light on the role played by women in the country's space programme - among them BP Dakshayani.
Machines Are Coming for India’s Unwanted Factory Jobs: The trouble is finding jobs that Indians actually want. The country’s workers would rather drive for food-delivery services on the breezy, albeit steamy, roads of Mumbai and work in hotels than in factories. Fair enough. Who would want to work in a yarn mill, which needs to maintain a temperature of 33 degrees Celsius? Conditions on other industrial factory floors are likely worse... India's youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) is one of the highest among large, global economies.
Growth creates fewer jobs than it used to: Between 2013 and 2015, total employment actually shrank by seven million. Since 2015 there has also been an absolute decline in job growth.
Temple land grab: “After acquiring lands from the people in the name of SEZ, and without paying compensation in time to the owners, the State govt allots them to various companies indiscriminately and that the latter do not set up industries on such lands, and all these activities show that there is some big conspiracy behind it. To acquire lands belonging to the temples the govt first resorts to annulling the existing temple boards and appoints persons in-charge in their place to cooperate with it for the purpose.”
HamSoham: Seattle Raga Labs with Ganesh Rajagopalan
China Pries Technology From U.S. Companies: An audit this year convinced an employee at one foreign auto maker there was “clear evidence of collusion” between the audit team and Chinese auto makers. When the audit began, the person says, inspectors asked for only the blueprints of the electric-vehicle components the foreign company was striving to protect from its Chinese joint-venture partner. “Somehow they knew exactly the areas to look at,” the person says. “There wasn’t a single question about any of the other very complex systems on the vehicle.”
Islam's True Colors: Chechnya starts concentration camps for gay men, first time after Hitler
One trick Hindu’s need to learn is the art of ignoring. Half of the drama, ex. Gita burning, is done by losers trying to gain significance. Pick your battle, ask before you respond why is this person doing what s/he is doing? Only respond if it furthers our strength.
Avoiding Debt Trap: Nepal scraps hydropower deal with Chinese firm... India begins construction of a 900 MW hydro-power project in east Nepal.... Nations beginning to realize the futility of taking loans from China
How Japan dealt with the Christian Threat: When Christians were captured they would be made to renounce their faith and live their lives as Buddhists. The state “wants not martyrs, but apostates. Apostates, better than martyrs, attest the impotence of a religion, especially when those apostates had been apostles of the faith and priests.” After they renounced their faith, priests were forced to take wives as part of their new lives and were constantly monitored by the authorities.
Silverpuram: In a village 3 Km from Sterlite plant, every other house has a cancer patient... From the archives of this blog: Taking away good, fertile, agricultural land for industrial gas-belchers is a bad idea
Meat alternatives:
The largest share of meat alternative consumers are people looking to
reduce their meat intake and so-called flexitarians. There are growing
health, ethical and sustainability concerns around animal farming and so
every market forecast is highly optimistic that the market for meat
substitutes will grow.
A brutal Paki reply to Trump: “This is Pakistan giving a small taste of what it’s capable of”... The military-grade explosives, not widely available, used in recent Taliban and ISIS attacks in Afghanistan point to a state sponsor, likely Pak.
India needs more researchers: We need more public funding for research including the creation of a National Foundation for Research in Science, Technology, and Humanities with an annual non-lapsable grant of at least Rs 5000 crore to give research grants on a competitive non-discriminatory basis.
Teenagers no longer use Facebook: Less than half of American internet users between ages 12 and 17 will be using Facebook this year
Free transport: Germany considers plan for free public transport in polluted cities... Environmentalists brought court cases aimed at banning diesels from parts of some city centres. And fears millions of drivers could be affected spurred Merkel into action.
A nationalized 5G network? Trump's national security team is looking at options to counter Chinese threat that include building a super-fast 5G wireless network. Beijing is pushing for a greater role in setting technical standards in the next-generation wireless arena. “What if China is so successful in a key 5G technology that the US military becomes reliant on it as a supplier?”.
China's got a Railgun?: Looks like China just installed a railgun on a warship, beating the U.S. Navy to the punch
The Automotive Liberation of Paris: The city has waged a remarkably successful effort to get cars off its streets and reclaim walkable space. Driving within Paris city limits has dropped about 45% since 1990. Meanwhile, the share of cyclists has increased tenfold over the same period. Transit’s share has risen by 30%.
Arara: A battery-free magnetically powered bicycle light.
Super Wood! Simple processes can make wood stronger than steel, able to stop a speeding bullet
Church can be the 'Worst Place' to go for help: “Church is one of the least safe places to acknowledge abuse because the way it is counseled is, more often than not, damaging to the victim. There is an abhorrent lack of knowledge for the damage and devastation that sexual assault brings. It is with deep regret that I say the church is one of the worst places to go for help.”
Naturally, the Jesuits had no qualms about amassing any astronomical & mathematical knowledge from the pagan lands they went to proselytize in. India was no exception. They were very active in Kerala, where they gained access to Yuktibhasa, the seminal manuscript of Calculus.
Imperialist China: India had to stave China off to sign Chabahar agreement with Iran. Japan is said to be contemplating developing the port and an industrial complex in the free trade zone.
Modi's defence report card: From about 1.8% of GDP in the UPA's last two Budgets, defence allocations declined to 1.73% in Modi's first two Budgets; and just 1.65% of GDP this year.
Fearless warriors: That day a lone Gurkha took out 30 Taliban using every weapon within reach
While there is no pill for every ill, there is an ill following every pill: Western science went terribly wrong in treating this universe as a separate non-living entity where man has a right to exploit nature for his benefit... When we teach physiology in medical school, we never stress the inherent capacity of the human body to correct itself without outside help. It is only in an unlikely event that an outside help (doctor) gets to help the system.
Bye-Bye: El Niño 2015-16 May Finally Have Fizzled
Biopiracy: India blocks Colgate patents for spices. Thanks to the traditional knowledge digital library (TKDL) database, created in the last decade to fight biopiracy.
A meatless argument: Both NPR and NYT
have usually been liberal when it comes to coverage of the disastrous
implications of a global meat diet for the environment, not to mention
animal lives. When it comes to India though, not only have these
environmental and animal ethics aspects been ignored, but a wholly
insulting edifice of distortion and disdain has been erected on that
silence about what “diet” issues are all about. Using the cliched and
colonial trope of starving children, we are offered one more lesson in
how Hinduism is somehow responsible for all that is wrong in India
today.
Quora: Why do Hindu seculars in India fight for other religions while they abuse their own religion?
Maria's Wirth's Answer: This is a long story that started in 1835 when a politician called Thomas Macauley pleaded in the British Parliament to replace the Sanskrit gurukuls in India with English education. He argued that if Britain wants to successfully subdue Indians, they need to be cut off from their culture. Macauley got his way.
From then on, the Indian elite had to send their children to English medium schools, if they wanted them to make it in life. Naturally, the kids didn’t hear much about their own great culture and whatever little they heard, was negative. And since they didn’t learn Sanskrit, they could not check it out for themselves.
Ironically,
this happened at a time, when the European elite had discovered
Sanskrit and India’s wisdom and were stunned by its depth. This
discovery contributed to the so called era of enlightenment in Europe
which resulted in a separation between state and Church.
Yet Indian children were taught from mid-19th
century onwards, how great and accomplished Britain was. It suited the
colonial masters to have “educated natives” who held them and their
lifestyle, including their religion, in high esteem. In return, they,
especially those who had converted to the western religions, were allowed to feel superior to the ‘superstitious Indian masses’.
Brainwashing
works. And Indians proved that it lasts even over several generations.
Those who abuse their own religion are generally “Macauley’s children”
who feel proud that they are fluent in English and don’t realize that
they have been uprooted in the interest of their former masters.
These
people never delved into the rich Indian heritage. Yet in spite of
their ignorance, they claim that India has nothing to offer. They don’t
really claim it: they shout it, so that any opposition to their view
cannot be heard. Of course this is not a healthy state of affairs, but
it plays out often on Indian news channels: Macauley’s children (or
should I call them ‘anti-Hindu brigade’?) accuse and insinuate about
Hinduism what the British convent schools had taught them. And of course
they have a very favorable view of the “western religions” and are
ever ready to support them.
These people, so far at least,
dominated the institutions, including those who are responsible for
school syllabi and sadly the bias against their own tradition got
perpetuated even in independent India.
“Islam and Christianity are the only religions which treated man with honour and equality” 5th graders learnt in West Bengal, as Arun Shourie pointed out in his Eminent Historians Page 68
As a reward for the serious trouble I have taken to expound the purely scientific aspects of our problem sine ira et, studio, I beg leave to add my own, necessarily subjective, view of the philosophical implications.
According to the evidence put forward in the preceding pages the
space-time events in the body of a living being which correspond to the
activity of its mind, to its self-conscious or any other actions, are
(considering also their complex structure and the accepted statistical
explanation of physico-chemistry) if not strictly deterministic at any
rate statistico-deterministic.
But there is a randomness requirement for mind to break the causal chain of determinism
To the physicist I wish to emphasize that in my opinion, and contrary to the opinion upheld in some quarters, quantum indeterminacy
plays no biologically relevant role in them, except perhaps by
enhancing their purely accidental character in such events as meiosis,
natural and X-ray-induced mutation and so on — and this is in any case
obvious and well recognized.
For the sake of argument, let me regard this as a fact, as I believe
every unbiased biologist would, if there were not the well-known,
unpleasant feeling about 'declaring oneself to be a pure mechanism'. For
it is deemed to contradict Free Will as warranted by direct
introspection.
But immediate experiences in themselves, however various and disparate
they be, are logically incapable of contradicting each other. So let us
see whether we cannot draw the correct, non-contradictory conclusion
from the following two premises:
(i) My body functions as a pure mechanism according to the Laws of Nature.
(ii) Yet I know, by incontrovertible direct experience, that I am
directing its motions, of which I foresee the effects, that may be
fateful and all-important, in which case I feel and take full
responsibility for them.
The only possible inference from these two facts is, I think, that I — I
in the widest meaning of the word, that is to say, every conscious mind
that has ever said or felt 'I' — am the person, if any, who controls
the 'motion of the atoms' according to the Laws of Nature.
Within a cultural milieu (Kulturkreis) where certain
conceptions (which once had or still have a wider meaning amongst other
peoples) have been limited and specialized, it is daring to give to this
conclusion the simple wording that it requires. In Christian
terminology to say: 'Hence I am God Almighty' sounds both blasphemous
and lunatic. But please disregard these connotations for the moment and
consider whether the above inference is not the closest a biologist can
get to proving God and immortality at one stroke.
In itself, the insight is not new. The earliest records to my knowledge
date back some 2,500 years or more. From the early great Upanishads the
recognition ATHMAN = BRAHMAN (the personal self equals the omnipresent,
all-comprehending eternal self) was in Indian thought considered, far
from being blasphemous, to represent the quintessence of deepest insight
into the happenings of the world. The striving of all the scholars of
Vedanta was, after having learnt to pronounce with their lips, really to
assimilate in their minds this grandest of all thoughts.
Again, the mystics of many centuries, independently, yet in perfect
harmony with each other (somewhat like the particles in an ideal gas)
have described, each of them, the unique experience of his or her life
in terms that can be condensed in the phrase: DEUS FACTUS SUM (I have
become God).
To Western ideology the thought has remained a stranger, in spite of
Schopenhauer and others who stood for it and in spite of those true
lovers who, as they look into each other's eyes, become aware that their
thought and their joy are numerically one — not merely similar
or identical; but they, as a rule, are emotionally too busy to indulge
in clear thinking, in which respect they very much resemble the mystic.
Allow me a few further comments. Consciousness is never experienced in
the plural, only in the singular. Even in the pathological cases of
split consciousness or double personality the two persons alternate,
they are never manifest simultaneously. In a dream we do perform several
characters at the same time, but not indiscriminately: we are one of
them; in him we act and speak directly, while we often eagerly await the
answer or response of another person, unaware of the fact that it is we
who control his movements and his speech just as much as our own.
How does the idea of plurality (so emphatically opposed by the Upanishad
writers) arise at all? Consciousness finds itself intimately connected
with, and dependent on, the physical state of a limited region of
matter, the body. (Consider the changes of mind during the development
of the body, as puberty, ageing, dotage, etc., or consider the effects
of fever, intoxication, narcosis, lesion of the brain and so on.) Now,
there is a great plurality of similar bodies. Hence the pluralization of
consciousnesses or minds seems a very suggestive hypothesis. Probably
all simple, ingenuous people, as well as the great majority of Western
philosophers, have accepted it.
It leads almost immediately to the invention of souls, as many as there
are bodies, and to the question whether they are mortal as the body is
or whether they are immortal and capable of existing by themselves. The
former alternative is distasteful, while the latter frankly forgets,
ignores or disowns the facts upon which the plurality hypothesis rests.
Much sillier questions have been asked: Do animals also have souls? It
has even been questioned whether women, or only men, have souls.
Such consequences, even if only tentative, must make us suspicious of
the plurality hypothesis, which is common to all official Western
creeds. Are we not inclining to much greater nonsense, if in discarding
their gross superstitions we retain their naive idea of plurality of
souls, but 'remedy' it by declaring the souls to be perishable, to be
annihilated with the respective bodies?
The only possible alternative is simply to keep to the immediate
experience that consciousness is a singular of which the plural is
unknown; that there is only one thing and that what seems to be a
plurality is merely a series of different aspects of this one thing,
produced by a deception (the Indian MAYA); the same illusion is produced
in a gallery of mirrors, and in the same way Gaurisankar and Mt Everest
turned out to be the same peak seen from different valleys.
Mental enslavement among Indian Muslims: During festivals in India or Pakistan, you increasingly find some Muslims dressed in Arab garb. It is time to address Arab cultural imperialism, because it is far more dangerous today at least in the sub-continent.
Authorizing land grab: Section 101 of the UPA Act states that if the acquired land remains unutilized for a period of five years from the date of taking over the possession, the land shall be returned to the owners. The NDA amendment has swapped a defined period – that of five years – with “a period specified for setting up of any project or for five years”. Trying to be clever here, the mandarins. Starting January, 2015, any company can specify a period of say 10 or 20 years and were they to sit on the land for that long, it will remain with them. This sounds like land grabbing, especially for private projects where the government is also involved.
Another Tarun Tejpal? Rajendra Pachauri reigned over a culture of high-fives, hugs and other forms of physical contact that some women found loaded with sexual innuendoes.
G Madhavan Nair: "Aryabhatta knew about gravity before Newton. Our ancient scriptures also had information on metallurgy, algebra and astrology way before the western world knew about them".
The message in DRDO chief's exit: By removing Avinash Chander, the government has chosen to sacrifice the organization's most potent symbol of success.
Involve technologists in governance: The sorry truth is that Indian bureaucrats - with little specialist knowledge - are far behind their US counterparts in technical knowledge and in their level of empowerment. There is understandable skepticism amongst American interlocuters about whether India's co-development proposals have been adequately thought out.
GIAN: Manjul Bhargava to lead Teach in India program.
India's wisdom and modern science: Nuclear physics has come to the conclusion that all is one energy. This insight was hailed as coming together of ‘ancient wisdom and modern science’ at international conferences already over 30 years ago. India’s wisdom says: all is one and modern science says: all is one.
The difference is this: Rishis claim that this one energy is aware or conscious of itself. Awareness means knowing, being alive. Whatever seems to exist, comes out of one, absolute awareness. It follows that the universe is alive. There is a presence present in it and this one presence appears as many and expresses itself for example through the human brains. The brain can be seen as the adequate instrument to manifest pure awareness as thoughts, feelings, memory, imagination, etc., like a light bulb manifests electricity as light. The bulb does not generate electricity, nor does the brain generate awareness.
Here mainstream science refuses to go along. It holds that the energy that is making up our universe is ‘dead’. It does not know itself. Yet there is also the obvious fact that humans on earth are aware and science declares this awareness as being produced by the brain. According to modern science, it developed sort of accidentally as a by-product of chemical activity in inert brain cells. If one manipulates the brain cells, the human mind undergoes changes. This fact is considered as vindication of their theory. Yet, does not the light look red, if one paints the light bulb red? The output changes if the equipment is manipulated but the input, the electricity, is the same.
This literature gives valuable clues. For example the scriptures have two major terms – Atman and Brahman. Atman refers to the seemingly individualized awareness (often translated as ‘Self’) and Brahman to the infinite, absolute awareness. Brahman cannot be spoken or thought of, the scriptures claim. Brahman is that by which thoughts and speech are made possible. It is the independent, absolute truth that eludes objectification, as it is the one subject. Brahman alone is the truth, is stated.
“Who am I?” is the big and ultimate question in Indian philosophy. Its answer may throw up the unified theory and more worthwhile, fulfilment. Yet the answer cannot be put into research papers. The scientist needs to turn around and dive deep within, beyond the thoughts and feelings right down to the pure, thoughtless awareness. -Maria Wirth
Plagiarism: . . . (and born on December 25th!) . . .
Sunita Narain: Real pride of ancient Indian science: Till the time the British came to India, the water traditions were in
vogue. British gazettes speak of these systems, at times with awe,
calling us a hydraulic society. Sir William Willcocks, a British
irrigation engineer, who was called in 1920 to advise the administration
on how to handle famines, said the best answer was to go back to the
ingenious system of flood management of Bengal. This was never done, of
course.
Ancient Indians also understood the art of water governance. Kautilya's Arthasastra,
written around 300 BC, has details of how tanks and canals are to be
built and managed. The key was to clarify the enabling role of the state
- the king - and the management role of local communities. The kings
did not have armies of public works engineers; they provided fiscal
incentives to communities and individuals who built water systems.
The British changed all this, by vesting the resource with the state and
creating large bureaucracies for management.The British rulers also changed the tax system; collection of revenue
became paramount, even during droughts. There was little then to invest
in community assets. The decline came quickly and was cemented by
polices of independent India.
Dr Manjul Bhargava, Princeton: The first explicit statement of the Pythagorean theorem -- the geometric theorem, occurs about 800 BC in the Shuba Sutra of Baudhayan
How a 'Made in India' project was scuttled: Instead of the Hindustan Turbo Trainer-40, which HAL could build, export, overhaul, upgrade and even modify into a light-attack aircraft, powerful lobbies have promoted a Swiss trainer
Secular Rape: Japanese student gang-raped for 12 days -- Sahid, Sabir and Wasim Khan, posing as tour guides, took the woman to Digha, a beach town in Bengal.
Yesu and Slavery in S Korea: Slavery has been so pervasive that regional judges have shown leniency toward several perpetrators. A pastor who lived on Sinui for 19 years sympathized with farmers (slave lords) forced to deal with disabled, incompetent workers whom he described as dirty and lazy.
So far plastic, antibiotics in animal food sources & soy have come up in our discussion of early puberty in girls: http://t.co/luzI6BHdHj
— KQED Forum (@KQEDForum) January 2, 2015
Kaangress and Bukhari are Secular: "If the Imam of Jama Masjid is converting to our secular values, what's wrong with that": Salman Khurshid
Welcome to psecular India: Father Leo Charles Koppala pleaded guilty on March 17 to criminal sexual conduct charges involving a minor child and is likely to be deported to India
Impoverishing the nation with 180 IQ: Expenditure assumptions are unrealistically low. Estimates of tax receipts are unrealistically high. Next FM has a headache to deal with.
Restoring India’s calculus crown : Madhava's work effectively laid the foundations for the later development of calculus and analysis, and either he or his disciples developed an early form of integration for simple functions. Some historians have suggested that Madhava's work, through the writings of the Kerala School, may have been transmitted to Europe via Jesuit missionaries and traders who were active around the ancient port of Cochin (Kochi) at the time, and may have had an influence on later European developments in calculus. PDF link to the book.
Kaangress supports parallel Muslim judicial system. It
might divide the country again, so what?
